Sunday, July 29, 2012

Back to Basics: VOR Approaches

I have been playing around with the Garmin 530 for a few months now.  Most of the approaches I have been practicing include RNAV or ILS approaches.  I decided it is time to go back and review my VOR skills.  I am glag I did because I was extremely rusty.

I chose the Martinsburg (KMRB) VOR approach shown below.

The key thing to note about the VOR hold on the approach plate is that it is left turns.  

From my south westerly heading, I entered the VOR hold using a direct entry.  My first entry just sucked.  I did not start my out bound timer when the flag flipped (on the 109 heading), so after about a minute a swung around and tried again.  The second time I nailed it.  However, I started descending before the flag flipped to FROM on the 289 heading.  Once again, I missed the timer.  I went missed on the approach to try a third time.  This time, since I was on a missed approach, flying roughly a 80 degree heading, I entered a tear drop turning 139 degrees after passing over the VOR.  Technically, a parallel entry would have been appropriate.  However, my late instructor John Crouse stated that the tear drop hold is better suited for approaches if possible.  Do not question John.  He has more experience than 90% of the pilots out there.

Finally, I executed the VOR approach without error.    On a tear drop entry, it is not necessary to go around the track one more time.  I performed the full hold to get my speed set and settle into the approach.  

  • One thing that stuck in my mind after completing the exercise is how I need to start using the acronym "turn twist time throttle talk".  Turn on the hold pattern.
  • Twist the OBS to the appropriate heading if necessary.
  • Time ONCE the flag flips (crossing back to the outbound heading).
  • Adjust throttle for the approach.
  • Communicate with ATC that your are holding, giving the altitude and location.  For holds outside of an approach, the direction of the hold is recommended.
Communication was critical this night as the traffic around MRB was moderate.  It was a pleasant night to fly and I was not the only pilot out there using MRB.

Another take away: I need to setup my home simulator to practice more often.  



JYO to HSP for some hiking

I decided to take my son on a little excursion to Hot Springs for some hiking.  The airport is on top of a mountain.  I have passed by the airport quite a few times and thought it would be fun to explore the nearby landscape.

The flight there and back was routine.  I flew VFR both directions.  I still kept the GPS programmed with the plan and flew direct, making the navigation easy.  I decided to take the time to refine some of the skills that I have not been especially good at using since the introduction of the GPS after obtaining by Instrument certification. Specifically, using VORs to track my progress and add to situational awareness along with VFR skills of following the sectional.   As a coincidence, the following post from the Pilot Workshops came the same:  http://www.pilotworkshop.com/tips/pilot_backup_navigation.htm.

Here are some simple things to do.
  • Use the GPS to find the nearest or next VOR along the route the plane is tracking, punch it into the NAV frequency to always have the frequency ready if GPS goes down.
  • Always IDENT the VOR.  Keep this practice.  If flying a GPS approach in lieu of a localizer or VOR, then have the VOR or Localizer frequency in Nav radio and idented, even if not used for navigation.
  • Keep the sectional ready and open to the segment of flight.  This does not mean that one should follow it closely as some pilots suggest.  The GPS can still serve this function.  However, keeping the page open and the fold of the page on available to viewable for the region the plane is tracking removes the struggle.  I have not been doing this.  I do have the chart handy and I track with my IPad.  The digital approach is nice since it reduces the workload, provides a nice backup, and permits easy flipping between section and IFR enroute charts.
  • I spent some time looking up some of the FSS frequencies in the area.  There were some TS in the vicinity of the areas of flying.  I did not come close to any.  My flight conditions were VFR.  However, I wanted to have the FSS frequencies with me if I needed to file  IFR if the cloud front were to move in front of me. 
  • I did get call Flight Watch enroute to make sure I was not running into a small pocket of storms.
These are all simple things.  However, I do not believe in idle time flying.  There is always something that can be done to keep one two or three steps ahead.   Practicing these actions increases the comfort and efficiency of the techniques, working them into a routine.   My late instructor, John Crouse, never let me have an idle moment.   He wanted me to always be looking at what is next on the list to do (radios, review of approach charts, mixture adjustments, performance and fuel checks, time checks, etc. and any thing else that can keep me ahead.

Hot Springs (Engalls) is a nice little airport on top of a mountain.  The runway is sufficiently long.  Landing distance on this particular day was not an issue.   I chose HSP since it is supposed to have some hiking trails off the airport.  The trails are there, but they are short and barely interesting.  Still, my son and I made the best of the situation.  We went looking for bears and rattle snakes that frequent the airport.  We climbed up an very old water tower.  We then rummaged through an old house (aka trespassing) looking for anything really old.  We did not find anything.  The house was filled with taxi way lights.  Not interesting or old.  The taxi lights are big green bodies with blue plastic hoods. 

We did have one special treat.  A couple of Osprey on a training mission landed on the runway while we were hanging around the field.  The approach of the Osprey was interesting.  They approached the airport side by side. Then one slid behind the other to land nearly simultaneously.